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The Dark Side of the Moon

Album de Pink Floyd
Sortie
Enregistré de à aux studios Abbey Road (Londres, Angleterre)
Durée 42:54
Genre Rock progressif
Art rock
Producteur David Gilmour
Nick Mason
Roger Waters
Richard Wright
Label Harvest (originale anglaise)
Capitol (originale américaine)
EMI (rééditions anglaise et américaine)
Critique

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The Dark Side of the Moon (souvent nommé à tort Dark Side of the Moon) est le septième album studio du groupe de rock progressif britannique Pink Floyd, sorti en . It is notable for its use of Musique concrète and philosophical lyrics, something that would eventually become a trademark of Pink Floyd's music. The album was a landmark in rock music, as it featured radio-friendly songs such as "Money", "Time", "Us and Them", and "Brain Damage/Eclipse". Some music critics use the album as a point of reference in determining between "classic" blues-rock and the then-new genre of electronic music.[1]

The Dark Side of the Moon explores the nature of the human experience. For example, "Time" deals with ageing and the overwhelmingly fast approach of death. "Money" deals with materialism with tongue-in-cheek lyrics and wealth-related sound effects. "Us and Them" deals with conflict, ethnocentrism, and the belief that a person's self is "always in the right".[2]

The Dark Side of the Moon is widely hailed by many critics and fans as Pink Floyd's magnum opus, and is generally considered their definitive album.[3] In 2006 it was voted "My Favourite Album" by viewers and listeners to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.[4] In 1990, Australian radio listeners voted it the best album to make love to,[5] and in 2003, Rolling Stone heralded The Dark Side of the Moon as the 43rd greatest album of all time.[6]

The Dark Side of the Moon spent 741 consecutive weeks (14 years) on the USA-based Billboard 200 album chart, the longest duration in history.[7] It is also the fifth highest selling album globally of all time, selling more than forty million units.[8]

The only time there is a gap of silence on the whole album is between "The Great Gig in the Sky" and "Money", where there is a side change on the LP; this pause was filled in with a barely audible transition by Alan Parsons for one CD release.[réf. nécessaire]

Genèse[modifier | modifier le code]

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Enregistrement[modifier | modifier le code]

Recorded by the band and engineer Alan Parsons at Abbey Road Studios between June 1972 and January 1973, the album sessions made use of the most advanced techniques available for recording instruments and sound effects in rock music at that time. Along with the conventional rock band instrumentation, Pink Floyd added prominent synthesisers to their sound as well as some unconventional noises: an assistant engineer running around the studio's echo chamber (during "On the Run"), myriad antique clocks chiming simultaneously (as the intro to "Time"), and a specially-treated bass drum made to sound like a human heartbeat. The heartbeat is most audible as the intro and the outro to the album, but it can also be heard underneath most of the album—the song "Time" and "On the Run" has the low thudding underneath the rest. Roger Waters wrote all of the lyrics in the album and created the early demo tracks in a small garden shed-turned-recording studio at his home. It was in there he also created the intro to "Money" by experimenting with dropping a range of monetary objects.

Another novelty of the recording is the metronomic sequence of sound effects played during "Speak to Me" and "Money". This was achieved by laboriously splicing together recordings of ringing cash registers, clinking coins, tearing paper, and buzzing counting machines onto a two-track tape loop (later adapted to four tracks in order to create a unique "walk around the room" effect in quadrophonic presentations of the album). The sonic experimentation on the album required every member of the band to operate the faders simultaneously in order to mix down the intricately assembled multitrack recordings of several of the songs (particularly "On the Run").

Pink Floyd also perfected the use of other studio techniques such as the doubletracking of vocals and guitars (allowing David Gilmour to harmonise flawlessly with himself), flanging effects, odd trickery with reverb and the panning of sounds between channels. To this day, audiophiles use The Dark Side of the Moon as a reference standard to test the fidelity of audio equipment despite the fact that it was originally mixed from third-generation tape with Dolby noise reduction.[9] Alan Parsons engineered the album while on staff at Abbey Road. He once said in an interview that he swapped shifts with colleagues in order to work on the whole project.[10]

All four members of Pink Floyd, which included guitarist David Gilmour, drummer Nick Mason, bassist and lyricist Roger Waters, and keyboardist Richard Wright, had some form of participation in the writing and production of the album, which is a rarity among later Pink Floyd albums. However, it is the first of five consecutive Pink Floyd albums with lyrics completely credited to Roger Waters.

On most CD pressings, a barely-audible orchestral version of The Beatles' "Ticket to Ride" is audible after "Eclipse", playing very faintly over the heartbeats that close the album. It is unknown why this was included, but it may have been the consequence of a mastering error. The bootleg recording A Tree Full of Secrets includes an amplified, re-processed version of this oddity, which allows it to be heard clearly. This is not found on the original vinyl.

Although The Dark Side of the Moon was the planned title of the album, upon the discovery that the band Medicine Head was to release an album of the same name in 1972, the year prior to The Dark Side of the Moon's release, the band changed the album's title to Eclipse: A Piece for Assorted Lunatics. However, the Medicine Head album flopped, so Pink Floyd reverted to the original title.

Performances vocales[modifier | modifier le code]

Clare Torry sang on "The Great Gig in the Sky". In 2004, she sued EMI and Pink Floyd for songwriting royalties, claiming that she co-wrote "The Great Gig in the Sky" with keyboardist Richard Wright. She was originally paid £30 for Sunday studio work. The High Court concluded that Torry was correct but the terms of the lawsuit have yet to be decided.[11] On Pink Floyd's 2006 live DVD P*U*L*S*E, Torry is credited with the vocal composition for "The Great Gig in the Sky" segment.

Snippets of dialogue between and over songs are also featured on the recording. Roger Waters devised a method of interviewing people, whereby questions were printed on flashcards in sequential order and the subject's responses were recorded uninterrupted. The questions related to central themes of the album such as madness, violence, and death. Participants were commandeered from around Abbey Road, placed in the darkened studio in front of a microphone, and told to answer the questions in the order which they were presented. This provoked some surprising responses to subsequent questions. For example, the question "When was the last time you were violent?" was immediately followed by "Were you in the right?"[12]

Recordings of road manager Roger "The Hat" Manifold were the only ones obtained through a conventional sit-down interview because the band members could not find him at the time and his responses (including "give 'em a quick, short, sharp shock..." and "live for today, gone tomorrow, that's me...") had to be taped later when the flashcards had been lost. Another roadie, Chris Adamson, was on tour with Pink Floyd at the time and recorded his explicit diatribe that opens the album ("I've been mad for fucking years, absolutely years, over the edge for yonks...").

Pink Floyd's executive road manager Peter Watts (father of actress Naomi Watts) contributed the repeated laughter during "Brain Damage" and "Speak to Me". The monologue about "geezers" who were "cruisin' for a bruisin'" and the often-misheard "I never said I was frightened of dying" (during the middle of "The Great Gig in the Sky") came from Peter's wife, Myfanwy Watts.

The responses "And I am not frightened of dying, any time will do I don't mind. Why should I be frightened of dying, there's no reason for it you've got to go some time" (during "The Great Gig in the Sky") and closing words "there is no dark side of the Moon really... as a matter of fact it's all dark" (over the "Eclipse" heartbeats) came from the Abbey Road Studios' Irish doorman at the time, Gerry Driscoll. Paul and Linda McCartney were also interviewed, but their answers were considered too cautious for inclusion. McCartney's bandmate Henry McCullough contributed the famous line "I don't know, I was really drunk at the time." (Apparently in answer to the question "Why does anyone do anything?", which immediately preceded it.)

Pochette[modifier | modifier le code]

Fichier:DSODMgatefold.jpg
The gatefold sleeve of the original LP version.
Fichier:DSODMposter1.jpg
The "Great Pyramids of Giza" Poster.
Fichier:DSODMposter2.jpg
The "concert" poster that came with the original LP version.

The album was originally released in a gatefold LP sleeve bearing George Hardie's iconic refracting prism on the cover. Inside were two posters, one bearing pictures of the band in concert with the words PINK FLOYD broken up and scattered about, and the other being a slightly psychedelic image of the Great Pyramids of Giza taken on infrared film. Also included was a sheet of stickers of the pyramids. The album was also the first Pink Floyd album to have picture labels on the record where it depicted a blue prism with black background and the credits written either in grey lettering (European issues) or white lettering (US and Canadian issues). In 1991, the refracting prism album cover was #35 on Rolling Stone's 100 greatest album covers of all time list.[13] In 2003, VH1 named Dark Side's cover the 4th Greatest Album Cover of All Time on their 50 Greatest Album Covers of All Time special.[14]

Sortie et réception[modifier | modifier le code]

The Dark Side of the Moon is one of the best-selling albums of all time worldwide, and the 20th-best-selling album in the United States. Though it held the No. 1 spot in America for only one week, it spent a total of 741 consecutive weeks, approximately fourteen years, on the list until April 23, 1988 only to be removed by a rule change. To this day, it occupies a prominent spot on Billboard's Pop Catalog Chart, reaching №1 when the 2003 hybrid CD/SACD edition was released and sold 800,000 copies in the U.S. alone. On the week of May 5 2006, The Dark Side of the Moon achieved a combined total of 1,500 weeks on the Billboard 200 and Pop Catalog charts.

Sales of the album worldwide total over forty million as of 2004, with an average of 8,000 copies sold per week and a total of 400,000 in the year of 2002 — making it the 200th best-selling album of that year nearly three decades after its initial release. It is estimated that one in every fourteen people in the U.S. under the age of fifty owns or owned a copy of this album.[15] According to an August 2 2006 Wall Street Journal article, although the album was released in 1973, it has sold 7.7 million copies since 1991 in the U.S. alone and continues to log 9,600 sales per week domestically.[16]

The LP was released before platinum awards were introduced by the RIAA on January 1 1976, and it initially only received a gold disc. However, after the introduction of the album on CD, The Dark Side of the Moon would eventually be certified platinum in 1990. On April 6, 1998, the RIAA certified the album at 15x platinum, denoting sales of fifteen million in the United States alone - making it their second biggest-selling album there. "Time", "Money" and "Us and Them" remain radio call-in request favourites, with "Money" having sold well as a single in its own right.

Some of the profits from The Dark Side of the Moon were invested in the making of Monty Python and the Holy Grail. The members of Pink Floyd were reportedly huge Monty Python fans, to the point of interrupting recording sessions to watch the Flying Circus.[17]

David Gilmour disputed the urban myth that Pink Floyd interrupted recording sessions to watch soccer or Monty Python. In an interview with Uncut Gilmour said, "We would sometimes watch them, but when we were on a roll, we would get on."[18]

On February 3-11, 1995, the opening sequence of "Time" was played as a wakeup call for the crew of space mission STS-63.[19]

Rééditions et remasterisations[modifier | modifier le code]

In 1979, The Dark Side of the Moon was released as a remastered LP by Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab (MFSL). It has since been re-released several times on CD. MFSL remastered and re-released the album again in CD form, and the album was again re-released later as a remastered CD as part of the 1992 box set "Shine On." The 1992 remaster was then re-released by itself as a 20th Anniversary box set edition with postcards.

The Dark Side of the Moon was re-released as a 30th anniversary hybrid Super Audio CD with a 5.1 channel DSD surround sound version remixed from the original 16-track studio tapes. Some surprise was expressed[réf. nécessaire] when longtime producer James Guthrie was called in to mix the new surround mix rather than the original LP engineer, Alan Parsons, who had already produced a definitive quadraphonic mix shortly after the original album was released.[7] This 30th anniversary edition won four Surround Music Awards in 2003. The Dark Side of the Moon was also re-released in 2003 on 180-gram virgin vinyl (mastered by Kevin Gray at AcousTech Mastering) and included reprints of the original posters and stickers that came with the original vinyl release, along with a new 30th anniversary poster.

In 2003, bootleg DVD-Audio of the original Parsons quadraphonic mix began circulating.[8]

Dark Side of the Rainbow[modifier | modifier le code]

Article principal : Dark Side of the Rainbow.

When the album is played simultaneously with the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz, numerous images from the film appear to synchronise with the music and lyrics. All band members (save Roger Waters) have firmly stated that the phenomenon is a coincidence.[20] This effect has often been called Dark Side of the Rainbow.

Liste des chansons[modifier | modifier le code]

Toutes les paroles sont écrites par Roger Waters. Les durées des chansons varient selon les éditions de l'album.

Version CD[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. Speak to Me (Nick Mason) / Breathe[21] (David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 3:59
  2. On the Run (David Gilmour, Roger Waters) – 3:30
    • Instrumental
  3. Time / Breathe (reprise) (David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 7:07
  4. The Great Gig in the Sky (Richard Wright, Clare Torry[22]) – 4:47
  5. Money (Roger Waters) – 6:25
  6. Us and Them (Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 7:47
  7. Any Colour You Like (David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Richard Wright) – 3:25
    • Instrumental
  8. Brain Damage (Roger Waters) – 3:50
  9. Eclipse – 2:04

Version 33 tours[modifier | modifier le code]

Face 1[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. Speak to Me[21] (Nick Mason) – 1:00
  2. Breathe[21] (David Gilmour, Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 2:59
  3. On the Run (David Gilmour, Roger Waters) – 3:30
  4. Time / Breathe (reprise) (David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 7:07
  5. The Great Gig in the Sky (Richard Wright) – 4:47

Face 2[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. Money (Roger Waters) – 6:25
  2. Us and Them (Roger Waters, Richard Wright) – 7:47
  3. Any Colour You Like (David Gilmour, Nick Mason, Richard Wright) – 3:25
  4. Brain Damage (Roger Waters) – 3:50
  5. Eclipse – 2:04

Personnel[modifier | modifier le code]

Musiciens additionnels[modifier | modifier le code]

Autres personnes ayant collaboré à l'album[modifier | modifier le code]

  • James Guthrie - remasterisation des éditions 20e et 30e anniversaires, mixage 5.1 de l'édition 30e anniversaire
  • Doug Sax - remasterisation des éditions 20e et 30e anniversaires
  • Storm Thorgerson - pochette des éditions 20e et 30e anniversaires

Singles[modifier | modifier le code]

In some countries, notably the UK, Pink Floyd did not release any singles between 1968's "Point Me at the Sky" and 1979's "Another Brick in the Wall (Part Two)". However, the following were released in the U.S. and many other countries:

  • "Money"/"Any Colour You Like" – Harvest/Capitol 3609; released June, 1973
  • "Time"/"Us and Them" – Harvest/Capitol 45373; released February 4 1974

The latter is sometimes considered a double A-side.

Charts[modifier | modifier le code]

Albums[modifier | modifier le code]

Year Chart Position Notes
1973 Billboard's Pop Albums (North America) 1 Initial album release
2003 Billboard's Pop Catalog (North America) 1 30th Anniversary Hybrid SACD Edition
1973 UK album chart 2

Singles[modifier | modifier le code]

Year Chart Single Position
1973 Billboard Pop Singles (North America) "Money" 13
1974 Billboard Pop Singles (North America) "Time" 101
1974 Billboard Pop Singles (North America) "Us and Them" 101

Selected album sales[modifier | modifier le code]

Country Certification Sales Last certification date Comment
Austria 2x Platinum [23] 60,000 + 20/01/93
Australia 11x Platinum [24] 770,000 +
Canada 2x Diamond [25] 2,000,000+ 14/03/03
Europe 12x Diamond [26] 12,700,000+ 7th best selling album in Europe
France 1x Diamond [27] 1,250,000+
Germany 2x Platinum [28] 400,000+ 1993
Poland 1x Platinum [29] 20,000+ 2003
United Kingdom 9x Platinum [30][31] 3,800,000+ 6th best selling album in U.K.
United States RIAA 15x Platinum 15,000,000+ 06/04/’98 11x Platinum at 16/02/90
United States Soundscan 8x Platinum

[32]

8,360,000+ since 1991

See also[modifier | modifier le code]

Notes[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ↑ http://users.wpi.edu/~vamend/general.htm
  3. ↑ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas, « The Dark Side of the Moon review », Allmusic, All Media Guide, LLC (consulté le )
  4. ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/myfavouritealbum/top100.htm
  5. ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/news/arts/articulate/200612/s1803065.htm
  6. ↑ http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5938174/the_rs_500_greatest_albums_of_all_time
  7. ↑ http://www.rockandrollreport.com/2007/05/29/cover-story-dark-side-of-the-moon-by-hipgnosis/
  8. ↑ « Record Breakers and Trivia : Albums » (consulté le )
  9. ↑ [vidéo] The Dark Side of the Moon 30th Anniversary Special sur YouTube
  10. ↑ Pink Floyd and Company. [2]
  11. ↑ [3]
  12. ↑ Henderson, Peter; Surcliffe, Phil; and Bungey, John, « The First Men on the Moon Part 2 », REG, MOJO Magazine, (consulté le )
  13. ↑ http://rateyourmusic.com/list/fedderedder/rolling_stones_100_greatest_album_covers
  14. ↑ http://www.vh1.com/photos/gallery/?fid=1478677&pid=1542318
  15. ↑ Schoenmakers, Remco, « Pink Floyd – The Dark Side of the Moon », Counting Out Time, Dutch Progressive Rock Page (consulté le )
  16. ↑ Gomes, Lee, « Many companies still cling to big hits to drive earnings », The Wall Street Journal, Dow Jones & Company, Inc (consulté le )
  17. ↑ IMDB trivia for Monty Python and the Holy Grail. [4]
  18. ↑ The Age [5]
  19. ↑ Source: http://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf
  20. ↑ http://www.everwonder.com/david/wizardofoz/ Accessed 2007-10-11
  21. ↑ a b et c La réédition en album de 1993 figure Speak to Me et Breathe sur la même plage.
  22. ↑ Clare Torry a été créditée pour sa performance vocale, suite à une bataille juridique.
  23. ↑ IFPI Austria
  24. ↑ [6]
  25. ↑ CRIA
  26. ↑ Charts In France – Sales in Europe
  27. ↑ Rtl
  28. ↑ IFPI
  29. ↑ zpav
  30. ↑ CBC
  31. ↑ BPI
  32. ↑ Soundscan

References[modifier | modifier le code]

External links[modifier | modifier le code]

Modèle:Duo portail

Catégorie:Album-concept Catégorie:Album de Pink Floyd Catégorie:Album musical sorti en 1973

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