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économie gazière de l'Iran

Le gazoduc Iran-Iraq-Syrie est un projet allant du champ gazier iranien-qatari North Dome (South Pars) vers la Syrie, oú il ira ensuite approvisionner les clients européens.

Description[modifier | modifier le code]

Le gazoduc est nommé "le gazoduc de l'amitié" par les gouvernements impliqués et "gazoduc islamique" par certaines sources occidentales[1]) is a proposed natural gas pipeline running from the Iranian South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field field towards Europe via Iran, Iraq, Syria and Lebanon to supply European customers as well as Iraq, Syria and Lebanon.[2] Le gazoduc aura 5600 km de long et aura un diamètre de 56 pouces.[2]. Un projet précédent nommé le gazoduc perse A previous proposal, known as the Persian Pipeline, had seen a route from Iran's South Pars to Europe via Turkey; it was apparently abandoned after the Swiss energy company Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Laufenburg halted its contract with Iran in October 2010 in the face of pressure over US sanctions against Iran.[3][4]

Iraq a signé un agrément avec l'Iran en juin 2013 pour y recevoir du gaz naturel pour alimenter les centrales électriques de Baghdad et Diyala.[5]

En juillet 2011, l'Iran, l'Iraq et la Syria said they planned to sign a contract potentially worth around $6bn to construct a pipeline running from South Pars towards Europe, via these countries and Lebanon and then under the Mediterranean to a European country, with a refinery and related infrastructure in Damascus.[2][6][7][8] In November 2012 the United States dismissed reports that construction had begun on the pipeline, saying that this had been claimed repeatedly and that "it never seems to materialize."[9] A framework agreement was to be signed in early 2013, with costs now estimated at $10bn;[10] construction plans were delayed by the Syrian civil war.[11] In December 2012 the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies said that the project "remains doubtful. It is not clear how such a project will be financed given that both Iran and Syria are subject to strict financial sanctions."[12] In July 2015, Iranian Gas Engineering and Development Company (IGEDC) and Pasargad Energy Development Company signed a BOT (build-operate-transfer) contract under which the project owner will provide 25% of finance and National Development Fund of Iran the rest for the construction of IGAT-6.[13]

Ce gazoduc sera un concurrent du Nabucco entre l'Azerbaijan et l'Europe[2] ainsi que du Gazoduc Qatar-Turquie[14].

Liens et références externes[modifier | modifier le code]

Notes et références[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. ↑ naturalgaseurope.com, 11 February 2013, Some Reasons to Materialize Iran, Iraq, and Syria’s Gas Pipeline
  2. ↑ a b c et d UPI, 25 July 2011, 'Islamic pipeline' seeks Euro gas markets
  3. ↑ SRF Tagesschau, 29 October 2010, EG Laufenburg legt Gas-Deal mit Iran auf Eis
  4. ↑ Jerusalem Post, 26 January 2011, Swiss adopt EU sanctions on Teheran
  5. ↑ http://www.eia.gov/countries/cab.cfm?fips=IR
  6. ↑ Mansour Kashfi, Asia Times Online, 7 June 2012, Iran's Islamic pipeline a mad man's dream
  7. ↑ Iran, Syria Finalize Agreement on New Gas Pipeline
  8. ↑ Wall Street Journal, 25 July 2011, Iraq, Iran, Syria Sign $10 Billion Gas-Pipeline Deal
  9. ↑ UPI, 20 November 2012, U.S. brushes off Iran-Iraq-Syria gas line
  10. ↑ Agence France-Presse, Hurriyet Daily News, 19 February 2013, Iraq greenlights gas pipeline deal with Iran, Syria
  11. ↑ Christian Science Monitor, 27 August 2013, US destroyers near Syria. Oil market likely to shrug off a strike.
  12. ↑ Hakim Darbouche, Laura El-Katiri and Bassam Fattouh (2012), Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, East Mediterranean Gas: what kind of a game-changer?, NG17, December 2012, p17
  13. ↑ http://presstv.com/Detail/2015/07/13/420068/iran-iraq-gas-pipeline-deal-gharibi
  14. ↑ Nafeez Ahmed, theguardian.com, 30 August 2013, Syria intervention plan fueled by oil interests, not chemical weapon concern

Source de traduction[modifier | modifier le code]

Voir aussi[modifier | modifier le code]

atégorie:Énergie en Iran atégorie:Énergie en Irak atégorie:Économie de la Syrie atégorie:Mer Rouge

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