« Grande veine cérébrale » : différence entre les versions
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== Importance clinique == |
== Importance clinique == |
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=== Malformations === |
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{{Article détaillé|Anévrisme de la veine de Galien}} |
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Most conditions associated with the great cerebral vein are due to congenital defects. '''Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations''' (VGAM) are the most common form of symptomatic cerebrovascular malformation in neonates and infants.<ref name=johnston>{{cite journal | vauthors = Johnston IH, Whittle IR, Besser M, Morgan MK | title = Vein of Galen malformation: diagnosis and management | journal = Neurosurgery | volume = 20 | issue = 5 | pages = 747–58 | date = May 1987 | pmid = 3601022 | doi = 10.1227/00006123-198705000-00013 }}</ref> The presence and locations of angiomas are very variable and do not follow any predictable pattern.<ref name=Vidyasagar>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vidyasagar C | title = Persistent embryonic veins in the arteriovenous malformation of the diencephalon | journal = Acta Neurochirurgica | volume = 47 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 63–82 | date = April 2005 | pmid = 474205 | doi = 10.1007/BF01404664 }}</ref> The congenital malformation develops during weeks 6-11 of fetal development as a persistent embryonic prosencephalic vein of Markowski; thus, VGAM is actually a misnomer. The vein of Markowski actually drains into the vein of Galen. |
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=== Absence === |
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Absence of the great cerebral vein is a [[congenital disorder]]. The deep cerebral veins of the brain normally drain through the great cerebral vein. In its absence, the veins from the diencephalon and the basal ganglia drain laterally into the transverse sinus instead of conjoining in the midline through the Galenic drainage system.<ref name=Lasjaunias>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lasjaunias P, Garcia-Monaco R, Rodesch G, Terbrugge K | title = Deep venous drainage in great cerebral vein (vein of Galen) absence and malformations | journal = Neuroradiology | volume = 33 | issue = 3 | pages = 234–8 | date = May 1991 | pmid = 1881541 | doi = 10.1007/BF00588224 }}</ref> Absence of the great cerebral vein is quite rare. It is detected in infancy and most patients die in the neonatal period or in early infancy. |
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=== Thrombose === |
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{{Article détaillé|Thrombose veineuse cérébrale}} |
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Thrombosis of the great cerebral vein is a form of stroke due to a blood clot in the vein. It affects just 3 to 8% of patients, predominantly women.<ref name=vandenBergh>{{cite journal | vauthors = van den Bergh WM, van der Schaaf I, van Gijn J | title = The spectrum of presentations of venous infarction caused by deep cerebral vein thrombosis | journal = Neurology | volume = 65 | issue = 2 | pages = 192–6 | date = July 2005 | pmid = 16043785 | doi = 10.1212/01.wnl.0000179677.84785.63 }}</ref> Patients may present with consciousness problems, headaches, nausea, visual defects, fatigue, disturbance of eye movements and pupillary reflexes, or coma.<ref name=vandenBergh/> Thrombosis of the cerebral vein is often deadly but can be survived. Risk factors include oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and the [[postpartum period]].<ref name=vandenBergh/> |
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== Histoire == |
== Histoire == |
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Version du 7 janvier 2022 à 14:09
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Veine de Galien.
| Affluences | |
|---|---|
| Exutoire |
| Nom latin |
vena magna cerebri |
|---|---|
| TA98 |
A12.3.06.027 |
| TA2 |
4922 |
| FMA |
50993 |
La grande veine cérébrale est l'un des gros vaisseaux sanguins du crâne drainant le télencéphale. Elle est également connue sous le nom de la veine de Galien, du nom de son découvreur, le médecin grec Galien. Cependant, ce n'est pas la seule veine avec cet éponyme.
Structure
La veine de Galien (la grande veine cérébrale) est constitué par la réunion des deux veines cérébrales internes et des deux veines cérébrales basales (ou de Rosenthal)[1].
La longueur de la grande veine cérébrale de Galien est de 0,15 à 4,2 cm[2].
Importance clinique
Malformations
Most conditions associated with the great cerebral vein are due to congenital defects. Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAM) are the most common form of symptomatic cerebrovascular malformation in neonates and infants.[3] The presence and locations of angiomas are very variable and do not follow any predictable pattern.[4] The congenital malformation develops during weeks 6-11 of fetal development as a persistent embryonic prosencephalic vein of Markowski; thus, VGAM is actually a misnomer. The vein of Markowski actually drains into the vein of Galen.
Absence
Absence of the great cerebral vein is a congenital disorder. The deep cerebral veins of the brain normally drain through the great cerebral vein. In its absence, the veins from the diencephalon and the basal ganglia drain laterally into the transverse sinus instead of conjoining in the midline through the Galenic drainage system.[5] Absence of the great cerebral vein is quite rare. It is detected in infancy and most patients die in the neonatal period or in early infancy.
Thrombose
Thrombosis of the great cerebral vein is a form of stroke due to a blood clot in the vein. It affects just 3 to 8% of patients, predominantly women.[6] Patients may present with consciousness problems, headaches, nausea, visual defects, fatigue, disturbance of eye movements and pupillary reflexes, or coma.[6] Thrombosis of the cerebral vein is often deadly but can be survived. Risk factors include oral contraceptives, pregnancy, and the postpartum period.[6]
Histoire
Liens externes
- « Anatomy diagram: 13048.000-3 » [archive du ], Roche Lexicon – illustrated navigator, Elsevier
- http://neuroangio.org/venous-brain-anatomy/deep-venous-system/
- Vein of Galen images
Notes et références
Cet article comprend du texte dans le domaine public issu de la 20e édition de Gray's Anatomy (1918).
- « Les sinus veineux du cerveau », sur info-radiologie.ch
- « CT angiographic study of the cerebral deep veins around the vein of Galen », International Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 18, no 7, , p. 1699–1710 (PMID 33746586, PMCID 7976576, DOI 10.7150/ijms.54891)
- « Vein of Galen malformation: diagnosis and management », Neurosurgery, vol. 20, no 5, , p. 747–58 (PMID 3601022, DOI 10.1227/00006123-198705000-00013)
- « Persistent embryonic veins in the arteriovenous malformation of the diencephalon », Acta Neurochirurgica, vol. 47, nos 1–2, , p. 63–82 (PMID 474205, DOI 10.1007/BF01404664)
- « Deep venous drainage in great cerebral vein (vein of Galen) absence and malformations », Neuroradiology, vol. 33, no 3, , p. 234–8 (PMID 1881541, DOI 10.1007/BF00588224)
- « The spectrum of presentations of venous infarction caused by deep cerebral vein thrombosis », Neurology, vol. 65, no 2, , p. 192–6 (PMID 16043785, DOI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000179677.84785.63)
