Utilisateur:Regisrob/Brouillon

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Roberto Busa (13 novembre 1913 – 9 août 2011) est un prêtre jésuite italien qui fut un des pionniers de l'application de l'informatique à la linguistique et à l'analyse textuelle[1]. Il est l'auteur de l'Index Thomisticus, un projet de lemmatisation intégrale des oeuvres de Saint Thomas d'Aquin et de quelques autres auteurs.

Father Roberto Busa - 2006 - In the background the Index Thomisticus

Biographie[modifier | modifier le code]

Né à Venise, deuxième d'une famille de cinq enfants, il fréquenta l'école primaire de Bolzano puis des écoles de grammaire à Vérone et à Belluno. En 1928 il entra au Séminaire épiscopal de Belluno, y acheva ses études secondaires et prit pendant deux ans des cours de théologie avec Albino Luciani, le futur pape Jean-Paul_Ier. In 1933 he joined the Society of Jesus, where he got a diploma in Philosophy in 1937 and one in Theology in 1941 and where he was ordained priest in 1940. From 1940 till 1943 he was an auxiliary army chaplain in the National Army and later in the partisan forces. In 1946 he graduated in Philosophy at the Papal Gregorian University of Rome with a degree thesis entitled "The Thomistic Terminology of Interiority", which was published in 1949. He was full professor of Ontology, Theodicy and Scientific Methodology and, for some years, a librarian in the "Aloisianum" Faculty of Philosophy of Gallarate.

L'Index Thomisticus[modifier | modifier le code]

In 1946 he planned the Index Thomisticus, as a tool for performing text searches within the massive corpus of Aquinas's works. In 1949 he met with Thomas J. Watson, the founder of IBM, and was able to persuade him to sponsor the Index Thomisticus[2]. The project lasted about 30 years, and eventually produced in the 1970s the 56 printed volumes of the Index Thomisticus. In 1989 a CD-ROM version followed, and a DVD version is underway. In addition, in 2005 a web-based version made its debut, sponsored by the Fundación Tomás de Aquino and CAEL; the design and programming of this version were carried about by E. Alarcón and E. Bernot, in collaboration with Busa. In 2006 the Index Thomisticus Treebank project (directed by Marco Passarotti) started the syntactic annotation of the entire corpus.

Le Prix Busa[modifier | modifier le code]

The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO) awards the "Busa Prize", which honors leaders in the field of humanities computing. The first Busa Prize was awarded in 1998 to Busa himself. Later winners include:

  • John Burrows (Australia) (presented in 2001, New York, New York, USA)
  • Susan Hockey (UK) (presented in 2004, Gothenburg, Sweden)
  • Wilhelm Ott (Germany) (2007, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, USA)
  • Joseph Raben (USA) (2010, Kings College London, UK)[3]

Projets récents[modifier | modifier le code]

Before his death Father Busa had been teaching at the Papal Gregorian University in Rome, at the "Aloisianum" Faculty of Philosophy in Gallarate, and at the Catholic Sacred Heart University in Milan. He was also working at the LTB project (LTB stands for Bicultural Thomistic Lexicon), which aims at understanding the Latin concepts used by Thomas Aquinas in the terms of contemporary culture.

References[modifier | modifier le code]

  1. ↑ « Pioneering the computational linguistics and the largest published work of all time », IBM (consulté le )
  2. ↑ « Stop the reader, Fr. Busa has died », L'Osservatore Romano (consulté le )
  3. ↑ « The Busa Prize », The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (consulté le )

External links[modifier | modifier le code]


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