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Petworth est une petite ville et une paroisse civile dans le Chichester District of West Sussex, en Angleterre . Elle est située à la jonction de la route A272 est/ouest d'Heathfield à Winchester et de la route de Milford à Shoreham-by-Sea. A 21 km environ du sud/ouest de Petworth, le long de la route A285 qui se trouve à Chichter et sur le coté sud . La paroisse inclus le village de Byworth et de Hampers green et couvre ce secteur de 2690 d'hectares. En 2001 la population de cette paroisse était de 2775 personnes vivant dans 1200 foyers dont 1326 qui sont économiquement actif .
HISTOIRE
Cette ville est mentionnée Domesday Book . Elle est mieux connue que l'emplacement de la demeure historique Petworth House, la Maison et ses terres sont mintenant entretenus par la Confiance nationale pour les Endroits(Places) d'Intérêt Historique ou la Confiance de Beauty|National Naturelle .
Au début du dix septième siècle, la question du statut de Petworth se posait en temps qu' honneur ou de ville quand le Procureur Général a chargé William Levett de Petworth, le Fils d'Anthony Levett, avec " ayant illégalement usurpé des privilèges divers dans la ville de Petworth, qui était le colis de l'Honneur d'Arundel ". Le fils de William Levett Nicholas est devenu recteur de Westbourne, dans l' Ouest Sussex . Une nouvelle attraction dans la ville, dans la Grand-rue, est un musée de vie domestique pour des pauvres ouvriers d'état dans la ville en 1910. À ce moment-là la maison de campagne était la maison de Mme. Cummings, une couturière, dont le mari ivre avait été un maréchal-ferrant dans les Hussards irlandais Royaux et sur la propriété Petworth.
La ligne de chemin de fer entre Pulborough et Midhurst avait eu une fois une station à Petworth, mais la ligne a été fermée à l'utilisation de passagers en 1955, et finalement fréter en 1966, quoique le batiment de station survive comme un établissement de chambre, un hotel avec petit déjeuner .
Petworth a été victime du bombardement pendant la Second Guerre mondiale le 29 septembre 1942, quand un allemand solitaire Heinkel 111, approche du sud sur la Ferme de Houes, a visé trois bombes vers la Maison de Petworth, qui a manqué la maison, mais dont une a rebondi d'un arbre et a posé sur l'École de Garçons Petworth dans la Rue du Nord. 28 garçons ont perdu leurs vies avec le directeur Charles Stevenson et l'assistant le professeur Charlotte Marshall.
EDUCATION
l'École primaire de Petxorth est la seule école dans la ville. L'école est au sud de la Ville et prend des élèves jusqu'à l'Année de sixième.
Petworth is a small town and civil parish in the Chichester District of West Sussex, England. It is located at the junction of the A272 east-west road from Heathfield to Winchester and the A283 Milford to Shoreham-by-Sea road. Some twelve miles (21 km) to the south west of Petworth along the A285 road lies lies and the south-coast. The parish includes the settlements of Byworth and Hampers Green and covers an area of 2690 hectares (6644 acres). In 2001 the population of the parish was 2775 persons living in 1200 households of whom 1326 were economically active.
History[modifier | modifier le code]
The town is mentioned in Domesday Book. It is best known as the location of the stately home Petworth House, the grounds of which (known as Petworth Park) are the work of Capability Brown. The House and its grounds are now owned and maintained by the National Trust.
In the early seventeenth century, the question of Petworth's status as an Honour or a town came up when the Attorney General charged William Levett of Petworth, Gent., son of Anthony Levett, with "having unlawfully usurped divers privileges within the town of Petworth, which was parcel of the Honour of Arundel."[1] William Levett's son Nicholas became rector of Westbourne, West Sussex[2].
Another historic attraction in the town, Petworth Cottage Museum in the High Street, is a museum of domestic life for poor estate workers in the town in about 1910. At that time the cottage was the home of Mrs. Cummings, a seamstress, whose drunken husband had been a farrier in the Royal Irish Hussars and on the Petworth estate.
The railway line between Pulborough and Midhurst once had a station at Petworth, but the line was closed to passenger use in 1955, and finally to freight in 1966, though the station building survives as a bed and breakfast establishment.
Petworth fell victim to bombing in World War II on the 29 September 1942, when a lone German Heinkel 111, approaching from the south over Hoes Farm, aimed three bombs at Petworth House, which missed the house, but one of which bounced off a tree and landed on the Petworth Boys School in North Street. 28 boys lost their lives along with the headmaster Charles Stevenson and assistant teacher Charlotte Marshall[3],[4].
Education[modifier | modifier le code]
Petworth Primary School is the only school in the town. The school is at the south of the Town and takes pupils up until Year 6. Until 2008 the Herbert Shiner School took students in years 6, 7 and 8 before they moved on to Midhurst Grammar School but this was closed down when the new Midhurst Rother Academy was opened.
Culture[modifier | modifier le code]
The town's amateur dramatics group is known as the Petworth Players, and their past productions have included 'Allo 'Allo, The Lion, The Witch And The Wardrobe, and The Sleeping Beauty.
Petworth has also been the home to the Petworth Town Band for over 100 years. A group of nearly 40 amateur Brass and Woodwind players, the band rehearses weekly and is often seen around the local area playing at local events.
Petworth fair[modifier | modifier le code]
On 20 November (St. Edmunds day) each year, the market square is closed off to traffic so that a fun fair can be held. This is the modern survival of an ancient custom. In earlier centuries the fair lasted several days and may have been wholly or partly held on a field on the south side of the town called fairfield. The London Gazette of November 1666 announced that a fair would not be held that year because of plague still infesting the county, and shows that the fair was then a nine day event[5].
Local tradition tells of a lost charter for the fair, but this is myth because it was determined by travelling justices of King Edward I in 1275 that the fair, then lasting eight days, had already been in existence since time immemorial and no royal charter was needed. At that time tolls on stalls for the sale of cattle provided an income for the lord of the manor. The traders of Arundel claimed a right to sell their wares at the fair as Petworth was in the Honour of Arundel.[6] In the 20th century the fair field was used for allotments, and is now housing and the Fairfield Medical Centre.
Twin towns[modifier | modifier le code]
Petworth is twinned with:
References[modifier | modifier le code]
- The History and Antiquities of the Castle and Town of Arundel, Vol. I, Mark Aloysius Tierney, G. and W. Nicol, London, 1834
- A History of the Castles, Mansions and Manors of Western Sussex, Dudley George Carey Elwes, Charles John Robinson, Longmans & Co., London, 1876
- BBC story about John and Bob Exall
- Image of the mass grave
- (en) F H Arnold, Petworth: a sketch of its History and Antiquities, with notices of objects of archaeological interest in its vicinity, Petworth, A J Bryant, , p. 79
- Peter Jerrome, Petworth. From the beginnings to 1660. The Window Press 2002 pp25-28