English: Scythian cultures and their genetic makeup; the Scytho-Siberian world: Displayed ancestries: EHG (Eastern European hunter-gatherers) in blue; Natufian (Neolithic Levantine farmers) in red; Altaian (Modern Altaians, a South Siberian ethnic group displaying continuity to non-Indo-European forest peoples of Southern Siberia (on the ANA-ANE cline)). "We selected the sources as eastern hunter-gatherer (EHG) + Natufian + Altaian and used Yoruba, Ust-Ishim, Kostenki, Mal’ta, and Han as outgroups in qpAdm. Modern Altaians were selected as the proxy for the East Asian component in Scythians and Sarmatians due to (1) our f4 test of the relative affinity of our studied groups to the suggested Siberian Bronze Age HG (Glazkovo) [1] or to modern Altaians showing no clear affinity to either (Data S1), (2) our f4 results additionally demonstrating consistently higher affinity of Scythians and Sarmatians to Altaians compared to Han, and in most cases also to Altaians compared to Nganasans (Data S1), and (3) bearing in mind the putative Altaian origin of Scythians that has been suggested numerous times. The same distal model was tested with CP/NNLS for each individual, and the results were subsequently averaged across each sample group."