Utilisateur:Ospeleo/Brouillon
La Grotte d'Iroungou
Iroungou Cave is a burial cave located near the city of Mouila in the Ngounié Province of Gabon. It is an archaeological site dating from pre-colonial Africa. It is a collective burial site with the remains of at least 28 people, and hundreds of iron, copper and shell artefacts.[1] The site has no equivalent in West central Africa.[1]
Geology
[modifier | modifier le code]The Iroungou cave is formed in neoproterozoic limestone, from the schisto-calcaire series.
History of investigations
[modifier | modifier le code]Iroungou cave has been discovered by Olivier Testa and Richard Oslisly in 2018.[2] The main chamber of the cave is accessible through a natural shaft 15 meters deep. When exploring the cave, the speleologist reported hundreds of human bones scattered on the ground from at least 28 individuals, and numerous iron and copper artefacts.[3] Since then, a series of archeological missions and excavations conducted by the CNRS in conjunction with the National Agency for National Parks have inventoried 512 artefacts. Only superficial artifacts have been recovered.[1]
Recovered artifacts
[modifier | modifier le code]During 4 missions in 2019-2020, 486 iron and 26 copper objects, 127 Atlantic marine shells (15 of them being pierced), and 39 pierced carnivore teeth have been recovered.[1] Metallic artifacts consist of currency hoes, bracelets, rings, knives, spears, iron bells (gongs), and a new type of object, a 70cm-long, spatula-shaped forged iron rod, never found elsewhere in Africa. [2]
Age of the burials
[modifier | modifier le code]Preliminary datings have been carried on twenty bone samples from Iroungou skeletons using carbon-14. The inhumations spans between the 14th and 15th century AD.[1] In all of the skulls in the cave, none have their upper incisors. The teeth have been removed during the life of the individual, as an ethnic marker.[1] The corpses where thrown or lowered from the top of the shaft.
Gallery
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References
[modifier | modifier le code]- Sébastien Villotte, Sacha Kacki, Aurélien Mounier, Pascal Mora, Loic Espinasse, Jules Zamke Dempano, Christian Gerin, Quentin Meunier and Richard Oslisly, « Mortuary behaviour and cultural practices in pre-colonial West Central Africa: new data from the Iroungou burial cave, Gabon », Antiquity, (lire en ligne)
- « Press release on the discovery of Iroungou cave », sur NOT Engineers,
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Modèle:Navbox prehistoric caves
Category:Caves of Gabon Category:Limestone caves Category:Archaeological sites Category:Archaeological sites in Gabon Category:African archaeology Category:History of Central Africa