DescriptionCarbon cycle with the added effect of plastic.jpg
English: Carbon cycle with the added effect of plastic
(a) The carbon cycle (redrawn using content from NASA Earth Observatory) with plastic production shown as a net flux out of fossil carbon. Carbon reservoirs are italicized in white (GT), natural fluxes are in yellow (GT/yr), and anthropogenic fluxes are in red (GT/yr). Boxes show how plastic may contribute to additional carbon movement. (b) The plastic cycle with major parameters shown. Reservoirs are italicized in white (megatonnes, MT), fluxes are in yellow (MT/yr), and important rates are shown in black (MT/yr). *0.9 GT of greenhouse gases (GHGs) were estimated to have been emitted from plastic production and incineration in 2019 (Center for International Environmental Law, 2019). **4–12 MT plastic/year is input from coastal regions into the ocean; this estimate is for the year 2010 and is taken from Jambeck et al. (2015). ***0.1–0.2 MT plastic is for microplastics only and taken from van Sebille et al. (2015).
Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., et al. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science 347, 768–771. doi: 10.1126/science.1260352
van Sebille, E., Wilcox, C., Lebreton, L., Maximenko, N., Hardesty, B. D., van Franeker, J. A., et al. (2015). A global inventory of small floating plastic debris. Environ. Res. Lett. 10:124006. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124006
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